Which term describes a political entity with authority and the ability to enforce laws?

The term that accurately describes a political entity with authority and the ability to enforce laws is "State." A state is characterized by its defined geographic territory, a permanent population, a government capable of maintaining order, and the ability to enter into relations with other states. It possesses sovereignty, meaning it has the ultimate authority over its affairs and can enforce laws and regulations within its boundaries. This is a fundamental aspect of statehood, setting it apart from other social entities like nations, societies, or communities, which may not have a centralized governing authority or the legal capacity to enforce laws in the same way a state does.

In contrast, a nation typically refers to a group of people who share a common identity, often based on ethnicity, culture, or history, but may not possess political sovereignty. Society refers to a broader concept that encompasses all relationships among individuals and groups, including various institutions and organizations. Meanwhile, a community is generally a smaller, localized group of people who interact and form social bonds, but it does not have the political authority associated with a state. Therefore, "State" is the term that most accurately reflects a political entity with recognized authority and law enforcement capability.