Which primates are classified under the subdivision known as prosimians?

Prosimians are a subclass of primates that are generally considered to be more primitive and bear some characteristics similar to early primates. They include species that are largely nocturnal and have adaptations for life in trees, showcasing traits such as enhanced sense of smell and a reliance on vision, akin to the early primate ancestors.

Lemurs, which are endemic to Madagascar, and tarsiers, found in Southeast Asia, are both classified as prosimians. This classification highlights their evolutionary lineage, which precedes that of the more derived primate groups, such as monkeys and apes. Their unique adaptations and physical features, such as reflective layers in the eyes for better night vision and elongated limbs for arboreal locomotion, further support their classification in this category.

The other groups mentioned in the alternatives fall under different categories of primates: gibbons and orangutans are classified as apes, while marmosets, capuchins, tamarins, and macaques belong to the monkey category. These distinctions are based on evolutionary traits and characteristics specific to each group, making the inclusion of lemurs and tarsiers as prosimians the accurate answer.