Which anthropologist is associated with the concept of reciprocity and the gift economy?

The concept of reciprocity and the gift economy is closely associated with the work of Marcel Mauss, particularly through his seminal essay "The Gift." In this essay, Mauss explores the social and cultural significance of gifts and the obligations that arise from them. He argues that gift-giving is a form of social exchange that creates bonds between individuals and communities, establishing systems of reciprocity that are essential for building and maintaining social relationships. Mauss identifies three key obligations involved in gift exchange: the obligation to give, the obligation to receive, and the obligation to reciprocate.

By analyzing various cultures and their practices surrounding gift-giving, Mauss highlights how these exchanges are often laden with moral and social expectations, transcending mere economic transactions. This emphasis on the social dimensions of exchange distinguishes Mauss' contributions in understanding the complexities of human relationships through the lens of reciprocity and the gift economy. His insights continue to influence anthropological thought and discussions around economic systems within societies.