What was a significant achievement of Mesopotamia?

The significant achievement of Mesopotamia was the creation of the world's first written texts. This development, often attributed to the Sumerians around 3200 BCE, involved the use of cuneiform script, which consisted of wedge-shaped marks made on clay tablets. This innovation not only revolutionized communication but also enabled record keeping, the codification of laws, and the preservation of literature and historical records, paving the way for complex societies and civilizations.

The significance of this achievement is profound as it allowed for the transition from prehistory to recorded history, providing insights into the daily lives, beliefs, and governance of ancient civilizations. This foundational aspect of written language influenced many cultures that followed and remains a fundamental component of human civilization today.