What does Social Darwinism justify in the context of human societies?

Social Darwinism applies the concept of "survival of the fittest" from biological evolution to human societies, suggesting that social progress happens through a process akin to natural selection. In this context, the theory posits that some human groups or societies are naturally superior to others and therefore more capable of surviving and thriving. This notion often justifies subjugation and expansion, as it implies that dominant societies are merely exercising their inherent right to prevail over "weaker" ones. It rationalizes imperialism and colonialism by framing these actions as part of an inevitable competition and evolutionary struggle.

The other options do not capture the essence of Social Darwinism as accurately. While technological advancement might be an outcome of social progress, it is not a justification in itself within this framework. Moral superiority is a concept that can be debated but does not align with the primary emphasis of Social Darwinism on power dynamics rather than ethical standards. Cultural integration and collaboration are generally viewed as antithetical to the competitive nature that Social Darwinism endorses, as integration often implies equality and mutual respect, which contradicts the hierarchical views inherent in the theory.