A proton magnetometer is associated with which method of archaeology?

The proton magnetometer is specifically associated with magnetic prospecting in archaeology. This method utilizes the physical properties of magnetic fields to identify archaeological features buried beneath the surface. The proton magnetometer measures variations in the Earth's magnetic field caused by the presence of ferrous materials or features like hearths, pits, and walls. These variations can reveal the location of potential archaeological sites, aiding in the non-invasive exploration of an area before any excavation begins.

Magnetic prospecting is particularly useful because it allows archaeologists to gather data about subsurface features without disturbing the ground, making it a valuable tool for identifying areas of interest for further exploration or excavation. Its effectiveness in detecting changes in magnetic susceptibility in the soil contributes significantly to the understanding of past human activities and site layout.